Urban Theory in the Time of War

Introduction to the INURA (International Network of Urban Research and Action) Panel on Urban Theory/Berlin Revisited at the 99th Annual AAG (American Association of Geographers) Conference, New Orleans, USA, 8 March 2003

 

Kanishka Goonewardena

University of Toronto І kanishka@geog.utoronto.ca

 

What’s urban planning and theory got to do with the latest war on Iraq?  More than one would have first thought, it seems.  According to its proponents, the war is about human rights and democracy for Iraq—as well as peace and security for the US and its obedient allies—all of which are to be achieved by forcibly removing the evil dictator Saddam Hussein from power.  Iraqis will be certainly better off without him, yes; and progressive planners advocating for democracy and human rights through whatever work they do may well be inclined to lend their principled support to the well-advertised humanitarian aims of this putatively pre-emptive strike. 

 

Yet, the moral case for war rings hollow.  For the historical record of US imperialism that now sports the feather of the ‘international community’ in its cap—and goes by the euphemisms of globalization and neoliberalism in our academic discourse—leaves no room for the official claims for war to be taken at face value.  If we are to trust that human rights and democracy (however defined) have always been the global goals of the US, then it becomes impossible to make sense of its overt and covert support for all manner of brutal dictatorships over the years, especially in the Muslim world; not least in the case of Suharto’s in Indonesia, which murdered many more of its own citizens than did Hussein’s in Iraq, with ample backing from the CIA.  Nor can we understand, if we are to believe that recent US administrations have represented the will of the ‘international community’, even in the limited expression of the UN, then why the US (and its loyal and momentarily disloyal allies) turned a blind eye to all those violations of UN Security Council resolutions by Israel, while acknowledging its formidable nuclear arsenal and weapons of mass destruction with a knowing wink.  Not to mention former support for Hussein himself, which Mr. Rumsfeld knows well.  The clear pattern that emerges from the history of US foreign policy veiled by human rights and democracy reveals not humanitarian values, but increasingly naked and arrogant self-interest.  If there is any morality in it, it consists of the decisive rejection of Platonic Right is Might by Nietzschean Might is Right.

 

Washington’s Faustian bid for world dominance now involves the globalization of a ‘free market’ that is anything but free—a global economy quite literally rigged in favour of the US über alles, by any means necessary, including the IMF, the World Bank and the Military Industrial Complex.  The thirst for oil, no doubt, springs from the same master plan.  The vital part played in it by urban planners and theorists who have long promoted neoliberal ideology and provided legitimacy to auto-dependent forms of urban sprawl, as thousands who had to drive to anti-war rallies in the US would have noted, has aligned planning with US imperialism.  Against this unholy alliance, the progressives among us must heed the advice given to American activists by the leader of the Brazilian landless peasants’ movement, João Pedro Stedile, upon being asked how they could be of help in the South: ‘overthrow your neoliberal governments’!  In the name of human rights and democracy, a radical regime change is needed indeed—in Washington.